Point-Of-Care Ultrasound Techniques for the Small Animal Practitioner

Gregory R. Lisciandro, DVM, Dipl. ABVP, Dipl. ACVECC, is a consultant with Hill Country Veterinary Specialists and CEO of FASTVet.com in Spicewood, Texas, USA. List of Contributors xi Foreword xiii Preface xv Acknowledgments xix About the Companion Website xxi Section I: Basics of Ultrasound and Imaging 1 1 POCUS: Introduction 3 Gregory R. Lisciandro 2 POCUS: Basic Ultrasound Physics 11 Robert M. Fulton 3 POCUS: Basic Ultrasound Artifacts 15 Robert M. Fulton 4 POCUS: Basic Ultrasound Scanning 25 Robert M. Fulton 5 POCUS: Top Ultrasound Mistakes During Global FAST 39 Gregory R. Lisciandro Section II: Abdomen 55 6 POCUS: AFAST - Introduction and Image Acquisition 57 Gregory R. Lisciandro 7 POCUS: AFAST - Clinical Integration 111 Gregory R. Lisciandro 8 POCUS: Liver and Gallbladder 149 Stephanie C. Lisciandro, Jennifer M. Gambino, and Sarah Young 9 POCUS: Spleen 173 Stephanie C. Lisciandro and Sarah Young 10 POCUS: Kidney 189 Stephanie C. Lisciandro and Sarah Young 11 POCUS: Urinary Bladder 211 Stephanie C. Lisciandro and Sarah Young 12 POCUS: Gastrointestinal Tract and Pancreas 225 Sren R. Boysen and Jennifer M. Gambino Section III: Reproductive and Pediatric 245 13 POCUS: Reproductive - Male 247 Robert M. Fulton 14 POCUS: Reproductive - Female 255 Robert M. Fulton 15 POCUS: Dystocia 265 Robert M. Fulton 16 POCUS: Pediatrics 271 Autumn P. Davidson and Tomas W. Baker Section IV: Thorax 295 17 POCUS: TFAST - Introduction and Image Acquisition 297 Gregory R. Lisciandro 18 POCUS: TFAST - Clinical Integration 337 Gregory R. Lisciandro 19 POCUS: Heart - Introduction and Image Acquisition 389 Teresa DeFrancesco 20 POCUS: Heart - Abnormalities of Valves, Myocardium, and Great Vessels 403 Teresa DeFrancesco 21 POCUS: Heart - Pericardial Effusion and Pericardiocentesis 417 Teresa DeFrancesco 22 POCUS: Vet BLUE - Introduction and Image Acquisition 425 Gregory R. Lisciandro and Stephanie C. Lisciandro 23 POCUS: Vet BLUE - Clinical Integration 459 Gregory R. Lisciandro and Stephanie C. Lisciandro Section V: Vascular 509 24 POCUS: Central Venous and Arterial Catheterization 511 Scott Chamberlin 25 POCUS: Vascular - Veins and Arteries 529 Gregory R. Lisciandro 26 POCUS: Caudal Vena Cava 541 Kris Gommeren, Elodie Darnis, and Anne-Christine Merveille Section VI: Ocular, Neurological, and Musculoskeletal 551 27 POCUS: Eye 553 Jane Cho 28 POCUS: Brain - Image Acquisition 579 Cibele F. Carvalho 29 POCUS: Brain - Clinical Integration 595 Cibele F. Carvalho 30 POCUS: Nerve Blocks - Forelimb 609 Pablo E. Otero and Diego A. Portela 31 POCUS: Nerve Blocks - Pelvic Limb 619 Pablo E. Otero and Diego A. Portela 32 POCUS: Nerve Blocks - Trunk 629 Pablo E. Otero and Diego A. Portela 33 POCUS: Nerve Blocks - Neuroaxial 637 Pablo E. Otero and Diego A. Portela 34 POCUS: Musculoskeletal - Soft Tissue 647 Susanne M. Stieger-Vanegas 35 POCUS: Musculoskeletal - Bones and Joints 663 Susanne M. Stieger-Vanegas Section VII: Monitoring and Surveillance 683 36 POCUS: Global FAST - Patient Monitoring and Staging 685 Gregory R. Lisciandro 37 POCUS: Global FAST - Rapidly Detecting Treatable Forms of Shock, Advanced Life Support, and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation 729 Gregory R. Lisciandro 38 POCUS: VetFAST-ABCDE 757 Andrea Armenise Section VIII: Felines and Exotic Species 775 39 POCUS: Feline Differences - Abdomen and Thorax 777 Daniel Rodriguez and Gregory R. Lisciandro 40 POCUS: Exotic Companion Mammals 815 Sara Gardhouse and Hugues Beaufrre 41 POCUS: Marine Mammals 829 Gregory R. Lisciandro, Jennifer M. Gambino, Debra P. Moore, and Enrique Yarto 42 POCUS: Birds and Reptiles 863 Sara Gardhouse and Hugues Beaufrre Section IX: Ultrasound-Guided Procedures 883 43 POCUS: Ultrasound-Guided Procedures - Abdominocentesis, Thoracocentesis, and Pericardiocentesis 885 Sren R. Boysen 44 POCUS: Ultrasound-Guided Lung and Thoracic Sampling 907 Daniel Rodriguez Section X: Management 919 45 POCUS: Setting Up Successful POCUS and FAST Ultrasound Programs 921 Gregory R. Lisciandro Appendices 933 I Goal-Directed Templates for Medical Records 933 II Abbreviations, Terminology and Glossary 943 III Quick References of Normal Values and Rules of Thumb 949 Index 971